Nginx学习0 - Hello World

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Nginx学习0 - Hello World

简介

NGINX is a free, open-source, high-performance HTTP server and reverse proxy, as well as an IMAP/POP3 proxy server. NGINX is known for its high performance, stability, rich feature set, simple configuration, and low resource consumption.

NGINX is one of a handful of servers written to address the C10K problem. Unlike traditional servers, NGINX doesn’t rely on threads to handle requests. Instead it uses a much more scalable event-driven (asynchronous) architecture. This architecture uses small, but more importantly, predictable amounts of memory under load. Even if you don’t expect to handle thousands of simultaneous requests, you can still benefit from NGINX’s high-performance and small memory footprint. NGINX scales in all directions: from the smallest VPS all the way up to large clusters of servers.

–官网

安装

OS环境

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$ uname -a
Linux ubuntu 3.13.0-32-generic #57-Ubuntu SMP Tue Jul 15 03:51:08 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

Prerequisite

  • gcc
  • g++
  • openssl
  • 需要安装 PCRE库，否则 ./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
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sudo apt-get install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev

下载&安装

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wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz

运行 ./configure 完成后输出如下：

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Configuration summary
  + using system PCRE library
  + OpenSSL library is not used
  + md5: using system crypto library
  + sha1: using system crypto library
  + using system zlib library

  nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx"
  nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
  nginx modules path: "/usr/local/nginx/modules"
  nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf"
  nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
  nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
  nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log"
  nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log"
  nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp"
  nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp"
  nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp"
  nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp"
  nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp"

接下来 make, make install 产生可执行文件，并且拷贝到对应的目录

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➜  nginx-1.10.0 sudo make install
make -f objs/Makefile install
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/vonzhou/Workspace/nginx-1.10.0'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx' || mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/sbin' \
		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/sbin'
test ! -f '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
		|| mv '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx' \
			'/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old'
cp objs/nginx '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/conf' \
		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-win '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/koi-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/win-utf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types' \
		|| cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/mime.types '/usr/local/nginx/conf/mime.types.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params' \
		|| cp conf/fastcgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi_params \
		'/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf' \
		|| cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/fastcgi.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params' \
		|| cp conf/uwsgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/uwsgi_params \
		'/usr/local/nginx/conf/uwsgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params' \
		|| cp conf/scgi_params '/usr/local/nginx/conf'
cp conf/scgi_params \
		'/usr/local/nginx/conf/scgi_params.default'
test -f '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf' \
		|| cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf'
cp conf/nginx.conf '/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.default'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/html' \
		|| cp -R html '/usr/local/nginx'
test -d '/usr/local/nginx/logs' \
		|| mkdir -p '/usr/local/nginx/logs'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/vonzhou/Workspace/nginx-1.10.0'
➜  nginx-1.10.0 ls -al /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3646480 May 17 19:09 /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

安装完成后，可以熟悉下对应的nginx命令。

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➜  nginx-1.10.0 sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx &
[1] 2852
➜  nginx-1.10.0 
[1]  + 2852 done       sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
➜  nginx-1.10.0 ps -axu | grep nginx
root       2858  0.0  0.0  28580   784 ?        SNs  19:19   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
nobody     2861  0.0  0.0  29004  1452 ?        SN   19:19   0:00 nginx: worker process      
vonzhou    2865  0.0  0.0  15936   952 pts/6    S+   19:19   0:00 grep --color=auto --exclude-dir=.bzr --exclude-dir=CVS --exclude-dir=.git --exclude-dir=.hg --exclude-dir=.svn nginx
➜  nginx-1.10.0 sudo /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

配置HTTP模块服务静态内容

得益于Nginx的很多默认配置项，配置HTTP模块服务静态内容很简单，在nginx.conf文件中设置server，location块配置。

运行结果如下：

参考

Beginner’s Guide